The 20th Annual Phi Kappa Phi Student Research and Fine Arts Conference is an opportunity for all undergraduate students of Augusta University (Summerville and Health Sciences campuses) to showcase their scholarly and artistic endeavors.
| 12:00 - 12:30 P.M. |
| TBA Augusta University Phi Kappa Phi Chapter 324 |
| TBA TBA |
| Musical Selections by the University Singers Directed by Dr. Bill Hobbins |
| 12:30 - 2:00 P.M. |
| Session A: 12:30 - 1:15 P.M. |
| Session B: 1:15 - 2:00 P.M. |
| 2:05 - 2:10 P.M. | Keynote speaker introduction - TBA TBA |
| 2:10 - 3:00 P.M. | Scott Thorp, MFA Chair, Department of Art and Design |
Session I |
Session 13:15 - 4:30 P.M. JSAC Hardy Room |
Session II |
Session 23:15 - 4:15 P.M. JSAC Butler Room |
Session III |
Session 33:15 - 4:45 P.M. JSAC Coffeehouse |
Session IV |
Session 43:15 - 4:15 P.M. JSAC - Reese Library 141 |
Session V |
Session 53:15 - 3:45 P.M. JSAC Ballroom |
| 5:00 - 6:00 P.M. |
Closing Remarks by Dr. Julia Q. Davis Awards Ceremony |
Select the Poster Session for additional information.
P1 - Flatfish assemblage and abundance differences between the St. Catherines Island and Satilla River estuaries
Presenter: Abigail Bickle and Alex Coleman
Authors: Abigail Bickle, Alex Coleman, Jessica Reichmuth, and Bruce Saul
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Jessica Reichmuth and Dr. Bruce Saul
Institution/College/Department: Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
St. Catherines Island is a pristine uninhabited barrier island off of the Georgia
coast, and is believed to have experienced less anthropogenic alteration when compared
to mainland estuarine habitats. In contrast, the Satilla River estuary has been historically
affected by human activity, especially during the construction of navigational “cuts”
through the marsh in the early 1900s. These cuts were used to support economic gain
no longer in the area. Because of the differences in human influence, we hypothesize
the fish assemblages will be different. We compared abundance of various resident
flatfish species captured when trawling and using gill nets in these two systems.
As benthic species, flatfish may be especially affected by anthropogenic disturbances
of the estuarine substrates. This study provides insight into the effects of human
disturbances on benthic fish species populations and assemblages. We compared catch-per-unit
effort for six flatfish species between data among several sites, seasonally, between
2015 and 2018. We also looked at environmental variables when comparing abundance.
The data are reflective of differences that exist in resident flatfish populations,
and this condition could be explained by anthropogenic activities.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant, Museum of Natural History, Department of Biological Sciences
P2 - Synthesis of Coumarin-Labeled Amino Acids via “Click” Chemistry
Presenter: Angel Weathers
Authors: Angel Weathers and Iryna Lebedyeva
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Iryna Lebedyeva
Institution/College/Department: Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
“Click” Chemistry is a convenient technique often applied during the synthesis of
various bioconjugates. Several methods have been developed to administer “click” chemistry.
Copper(1)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions usually provide high
chemoselectivity under green reaction conditions, and good to great yields. Because
of this, CuAAC reactions serve many applications in chemical biology. In copper halide
catalyzed reactions copper iodide is frequently used to facilitate transformational
changes within the reaction. Copper(1) is combined with salts, metal complexes, or
ionic liquids to provide effective catalytic systems for reactions. The use of co-solvent
systems such as the one used in this research project, dimethylformamide and water,
improves reaction efficiency. The alkyne moiety is an indispensible component of “click”
chemistry reactions. Coumarins are the specific class of fluorophores examined in
this research project because they are highly sensitive fluorescent laser dyes that
have extended spectra range, high emission quantum yields, and better solubility compared
to more complex fluorescent tags. Amino acids are often used as building blocks because
they are recognized by cell membrane proteins more readily. In this project, a number
of amino acids labeled with coumarin tags through CuAAC catalyzed 1,2,3-triazole links
have been developed to study their fluorescent properties.
Funding: Department of Chemistry and Physics
P3 - Investigating the requirement of HOB1 on the sensitivity of schizosaccharomyces pombe after exposure to various DNA damaging agents
Presenter: Arman Qureshi
Authors: Arman Qureshi and Amy L. Abdulovic-Cui
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Amy L. Abdulovic-Cui
Institution/College/Department: Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
It is inherently important that when damaged, DNA is repaired efficiently and with
high accuracy. BIN1 encodes a protein that plays a role in genomic stability, specifically in cell cycle
regulation, chromatin remodeling, and DNA repair. Previous research has shown that
the protein Bin1 exhibits an inhibitory role in the double strand break repair pathway
of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). The homolog of BIN1, HOB1, is found in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. To understand the role HOB1 has on yeast survival after damage, two strains of S. pombe, a wild type strain (WT) and a strain without HOB1 (hob1Δ), were exposed to various DNA damaging agents. Each treatment introduced different
types of DNA damage that require repair by different DNA repair pathways. These treatments
included UV radiation, hydrogen peroxide treatment, Bleomycin treatment, and Cisplatin
Treatment. After treatment with each respective agent, the death response of each
strain was calculated and the % of surviving cells at multiple doses was graphed logarithmically.
The data collected overwhelming support the idea that the presence of HOB1 has a positive role on the survival of yeast after DNA damage. The WT strains tested
survived better than the hob1Δ counterparts.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
P4 - Using YCF1 to investigate the ladies' tresses orchids of AU's summerville campus
Presenter: Benjamin Overlie and William Saunders-Cummings
Authors: Benjamin Overlie, William Saunders-Cummings, Christopher Bates, and Charlotte Christy
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Christopher Bates and Dr. Charlotte Christy
Institution/College/Department: Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
The Spring Ladies’ Tresses orchid (Spiranthes vernalis Engelmann & A. Gray) is a native wildflower found in the lawns of Augusta University's
Summerville campus. The origin of these plants is unknown. Orchids usually grow slowly
from seed, leading to lifecycles that can take 5+ years. Despite this, individuals
are present in lawns known to be two years old or less. Thus, either these plants
are reproducing with unusual speed, or some arrived with landscaping materials such
as sod. We are attempting to use chloroplast DNA sequences to determine their degree
of relatedness. For this, a strongly conserved gene, MATk, and a hypothetical reading frame, ycf1, were chosen. YCF1 is considered variable enough to show differences at the population level. Standard
techniques for DNA extraction, amplification with PCR, and sequencing are being used.
The data will be used to address two questions: 1) Is ycf1 variable enough to distinguish among individual plants?; and, if so, 2) Are the campus
plants all closely related or do distinctive subpopulations exist?
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant, Department of Biological
Sciences
P5 - Lavandula angustifolia use for dysmenorrhea in young women: a review of the literature
Presenters: Brenda Nelson
Authors: Brenda Nelson1 and Dawn Langley-Brady2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dawn Langley-Brady, MSN
Institution/College/Department: 1College of Science and Mathematics (Augusta Univ.), 2Nursing (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Dysmenorrhea effects 20% of women causing missed school and work days and interferes
with daily life. Dysmenorrhea is caused by menstrual uterine contractions which may
result in pain, nausea, vomiting and headaches. Many women utilize pharmacological
symptom management, but experience side effects such as edema, libido reduction and
increased symptom severity. Aromatherapy is a holistic non-pharmacological approach
to symptom reduction. Aromatherapy is the use of essential oils via inhalation or
topical application to relieve pain, stress and more. The purpose of this project
is to review the literature surrounding Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) and dysmenorrhea to give a foundation for future research. PubMed, TRIP,
and Cochrane Library databases were searched for peer-reviewed journals articles in
English and published within the last 10 years with the following keywords: dysmenorrhea,
lavender, aromatherapy and human. The literature review resulted in six articles meeting
inclusion criteria. These articles established the effectiveness of lavender in reducing
dysmenorrhea pain in the first three days of menstruation, through inhalation and
abdominal application. Lavender essential oil is also effective in reducing nausea
and headaches resulting in an alternative for women experiencing dysmenorrhea. Aromatherapy
has fewer risks than pharmacological and surgical approaches to dysmenorrhea management
and should be studied further.
P6 - Williamson ether reaction using a solar heat source designed for undergraduate chemistry laboratories
Presenter: Caroline Hammond, Kailey Wyman, Gregory Blair, and Brian Agee
Authors: Caroline Hammond, Kailey Wyman, Gregory Blair, and Brian Agee
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Brian Agee
Institution/College/Department: Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Since the 1990’s, scientists have been attempting to make chemical synthesis procedures
more environmentally friendly. One area of environmental concern is the amount of
electricity required to provide enough energy to complete an experiment. Recently
proposed solar reflectors developed from satellite dishes have the ability to be incorporated
into student laboratory procedures to eliminate electricity use while demonstrating
green chemistry techniques at the same time. As a result, demand to incorporate more
green chemistry techniques into student laboratories has increased. An effective means
for minimizing the amount of electricity needed to drive chemical reactions to completion
is proposed through the use of solar parabolic reflectors. A comparative study was
conducted using an electrical and solar heat source on the Williamson Ether synthesis
of 2-butoxynaphthalene. This reaction was chosen as the test reaction due to its widespread
use among many undergraduate chemistry programs.
P7 - Nox1 facilitates invasion of pancreatic cancer cells through SNAIL/MMP-9 production in pancreatic stellate cells
Presenter: Catalina Godoy
Authors: Catalina Godoy1, Gabor Csanyi2, and Maria Sabbatini1
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Gabor Csanyi and Dr. Maria Sabbatini
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Pharmacology and Toxicology (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic cancer are two diseases that share a mutual
histological feature known as fibrosis produced by pancreatic stellate cells (PaSCs).
In response to pancreatic inflammation, PaSCs are activated from quiescent phenotype
into myofibroblast-like cells, which express extracellular matrix components. PaSCs
are also known to facilitate the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells,
which are accompanied by increased matrix metalloprotease (MMP) production and epithelial-to
mesenchymal transition (EMT). NADPH oxidase (Nox) is a family of enzymes that catalyze
the transfer of an electron from NAD(P)H to oxygen to generate superoxide or hydrogen
peroxide. Because Nox1 is expressed in PaSCs, the objective of this study was to assess the extent to which Nox1 in PaSCs facilitates the migration
and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by regulating the expression of MMP and genes
involved in EMT. We found that the lack of Nox1 lowers the expression of MMP-9 mRNA
and the EMT-induced gene Snail in PaSCs.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
P8 - miRNA and their effects on bone loss in traumatic brain injury patients
Presenter: Chandani Patel and Reeya Patel
Authors: Chandani Patel, Reeya Patel, and Sadanand Fulzele
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Sadanand Fulzele
Institution/College/Department: Science and Mathematics (Augusta Univ.), Orthopedic Surgery (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been known to play a key role in bone regulation. Some miRNAs
have been observed to increase bone formation via osteoblast formation and others
seem to be involved in bone resorption via osteoclast formation. In this study, we
aim to observe which miRNA of those secreted by cells during a traumatic brain injury
(TBI) are involved in bone formation or bone resorption. Our focus miRNAs were: miRNA-151,
miRNA-6991, miRNA-27a, miRNA-92, and miRNA-1224. Using mouse bone marrow monocytes
(BMCs), we have induced osteoclast formation by feeding media containing macrophage
colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) as well as receptor activator of nuclear factor
kappa-B ligand (RANK-L). After osteoclastogenesis, it has been observed via tartrate
resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining that miRNA-151 and miRNA-6991 have been
up-regulated during osteoclast differentiation. Of the ones examined in our study,
miRNA-27a, miRNA-92, and miRNA-1224 have shown an increase during osteoblast differentiation.
The observations from this study can contribute insight for creating possible therapeutic
methods for osteoporosis related diseases.
P9 - Serum-C terminal crosslinking telopeptide (CTX) as a predictive biomarker of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of jaw (BRONJ): systematic review and meta-analysis
Presenter: Christina Sun, Mohamed E Awad, and Joshua Jernigan
Authors: Christina Sun1, Mohamed E. Awad2, Joshua Jernigan3, and Mohammed Elsalanty2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Mohammed Elsalanty, MBE, MCTS, PhD
Institution/College/Department: 1Science and Mathematics (Augusta Univ.), 2Oral Biology (Augusta Univ.), 3Dental College of Georgia (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the validity of using preoperative
serum C-terminal crosslinking telopeptide (CTX) levels as predictive factor of increased
risk of developing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients
on bisphosphonate (BP) therapy who undergo invasive dental procedures. A search was
conducted through PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science, following PRISMA guidelines
and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Meta-analysis was
conducted on the risk ratio. The methodological index for nonrandomized studies (MINORS)
and Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies (QAREL) checklist were used to assess
quality. Eighteen clinical trials, involving 2301 patients were included. Most patients
received Alendronate or Risedronate for an average of 62.14 months. The average serum
CTX level in BP-treated patients before surgery was 217.67 pg/ml. Meta-analysis demonstrated
that the cutoff in CTX level (150 pg/ml) was not predictive of BRONJ risk. The sensitivity
of CTX value <150 pg/ml was 34.26% and the specificity was 77.08%. The use of CTX
to diagnose BRONJ risk following dental procedures in bisphosphonate-treated patients
is not justified. Further studies are needed to develop other reliable biomarkers.
Funding: National Institute of Health
P10 - Effects of chronic alcohol and glucose exposure on viability of alveolar macrophages
Presenter: Elizabeth Keller
Authors: Elizabeth Keller1, Tiana Curry-McCoy2, and Amanda Thomas
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Tiana Curry-McCoy, PhD MPH MPA; Amanda Thomas, MLS (ASCP)
Institution/College/Department: Science and Mathematics (Augusta Univ.), Allied Health Sciences
Abstract:
The adverse health risks associated with alcohol abuse and obesity are widely known
by the general population. Although lesser known, studies have presented the lungs
as secondary organs affected by such lifestyle factors. Healthy lungs are protected
against infection and harmful airborne particles by macrophages, the working entities
of the immune system which fight potential sources of infection. When these immune-responsive
cells are compromised and unable to perform their functions, lung health may deteriorate.
Therefore, a healthy pulmonary alveolar macrophage population is vital for adequate
lung function. Chronic alcohol abuse and obesity have been shown to suppress alveolar
macrophage function, thus lowering the lungs’ first line of defense. The objective
of this study is to determine the effects of exogenous ethanol and increased glucose
concentration on macrophage size and viability via an in vitro study on NR8383 rat alveolar macrophages. The study measures macrophage viability
under treatment conditions.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Summer Scholars Program, SRP Grant
P11 - The role of CXCL10 and NF-kB signaling in macrophage influence on breast cancer invasion
Presenter: Emilee Mikulsky
Authors: Emilee Mikulsky and Dr. Jennifer Bradford
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Jennifer Bradford
Institution/College/Department: Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Breast cancer is the second most deadly cancer with more than 260,000 people being
diagnosed, and over 40,900 dying from it annually in the United States. This project
focuses on triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is very aggressive due to the
lack of hormone receptors. TNBC is characterized by an expansive stromal compartment
that contains a large percentage of immune system macrophages, which correlates with
poor patient prognosis. The Bradford lab has identified that the chemokine CXCL10
was found to be decreased at the mRNA and protein levels in TNBC cells when co-cultured
with macrophages. The loss of CXCL10 might result in less destruction of tumors. To
better understand the decrease in CXCL10, a cell invasion assay investigating invasion
ability of the MDA-MB231 TNBC cell line was completed using macrophage conditioned
media, with and without recombinant CXCL10, or a CXCL10 neutralizing antibody. We
also investigated whether the NF-kappaB signaling pathway was involved by using primary
bone marrow-derived macrophages from a NF-kappaB knockout mouse. The cell invasion
assay showed that altering CXCL10 and NF-kappaB signaling in macrophages and/or the
MDA-MB231 cells leads to differences in invasion ability.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Summer Scholars Program
P12 - The effects of acute and chronic ketosis on golf accuracy
Presenter: Grant Blume
Authors: Grant Blume and Maleah Holland
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Maleah Holland
Institution/College/Department: Kinesiology and Health Science (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Ketones, molecules produced as a byproduct of fat breakdown by the body, can be used
as an alternate source of energy when glucose supplies are low. Several studies have
shown that ketones may help with cognitive recovery and motor learning. This study
examined the effects of both acute and chronic ketone supplementation on golf putting
accuracy in middle-aged adults to determine if elevated circulating ketone levels
improved accuracy. The results demonstrate no significant differences between the
putting accuracy of the ketone group or placebo group. Data collection for this study
will be continued to determine if a measurable difference can be seen with more data.
Funding: Augusta University Translational Research Program
P13 - Design and synthesis of quinolone-triazole conjugates as potential antibacterial agents
Presenter: Hitesh H. Honkanadavar and Queen Tran
Authors: Hitesh H. Honkanadavar, Queen Tran, and Siva S. Panda
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Siva Panda
Institution/College/Department: Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Quinolones are one of the most important synthetic antibacterial agents have been
widely used in the treatment of diverse infections including urinary tract, respiratory
and bone joint as well as sexually transmitted diseases, prostatitis, pneumonia, and
acute bronchitis. However, quinolone resistance increases towards many Gram-negative
and Gram-positive species. Molecular conjugation has been known for the rational design
of new biologically active entities by fusion of compounds and/or pharmacophores recognized
and derived from known bio-active molecules. The present study directs towards the
construction of novel quinolone-triazole conjugates and investigation of their antimicrobial
properties. The detail results will be discussed at the conference.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
P14 - Your neighbor's approach: looking at various medical systems within the Augusta area
Presenter: Houlton Boomer
Authors: Houlton Boomer and Angela Bratton
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Angela Bratton
Institution/College/Department: History, Anthropology, & Philosophy (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
This research focuses on how the health care system one is used to using effects ones
ability to seek and receive care in another System. Specific examples used within
the study are the Western Medical System, The Traditional Chinese Medical System,
and African American Root medicine. The study was done with interviews to health care
providers and with surveys to citizens of the Augusta area. Unfortunately the data
collected proved inconclusive with regards to the research question. However it did
reveal a great deal of information about the patient population in the area, namely
the tendency to remain with a single system with regards to health and the role of
financial constraints in choice of healthcare system.
P15 - Examining the effects of AETOKTHONOS HYDRILLICOLA extract on oxidative stress in C6 cells
Presenter: Kayla Ward
Authors: Kayla Ward and Faith Wiley
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Faith Wiley
Institution/College/Department: Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Aetokthonos hydrillicola, a species of cyanobacteria, has colonized an invasive species of hydrilla in the lakes of the Southeastern United
States. This cyanobacterium is suspected to cause Avian Vacuolar Myclinopathy (AVM).
AVM is a neurological disease that affect birds. Bald eagles and American coots have
been primarily studied and known to be affected by AVM. Symptoms of AVM consist of
brain lesions, loss of basic motor skills, and the disease often leads to death. Extracts
of A. hydrillicola are toxic to C6 cells, and this cell line is used as a model to examine the mechanism
of toxicity. The aim of this research project is to understand the role of oxidative
stress in A. hydrillicola cytotoxicity and determine if antioxidant compounds may protect the cells. Common
oxidative stress inhibitors, Gingko biloba extract and selenium, have been tested in different concentrations in order to determine
if oxidative stress is present and preventable. These compounds did not prevent toxicity
in the C6 cells exposed to the cyanobacterial extracts. The presence of oxidative
is currently being further investigated using a 2’-7’dichlorofluorescin diacetate
(DCFH-DA) assay, which indicates the presence of reactive oxygen species.
Funding: Department of Biological Sciences
P16 -The sublethal effects and bioaccumulations of 17-alpha-ethniyl estradiol in LUMBRICULUS VARIEGATUS
Presenter: Kikelomo Ogun-Semore
Authors: Kikelomo Ogun-Semore and Faith Wiley
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Faith Wiley
Institution/College/Department: Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Freshwater sources are subject to contamination from toxic compounds and other harmful
materials through improper sewage cleanup and pollution. Ethinyl estradiol (EE), a
synthetic, steroidal estrogen used in contraception, is present in varying concentrations
across freshwater sources worldwide. EE is also classified as an endocrine disruptor
that is known to interfere with the endocrine system. Endocrine disruptors can create
adverse effects on bodily systems and have been found to affect behavioral patterns,
enzymatic activity levels, and estrogen receptor levels. Preceding data has found
that EE exposure leads to an increase in mortality, a decrease in offspring, and changes
in reproductive morphology among freshwater invertebrates. The objective of this study
was to observe the sublethal effects and bioaccumulation of ethinyl estradiol in Lumbriculus variegatus. Data collection on experimental endpoints, including reproduction rate, segment
regrowth of L. variegatus, have been collected. The bioaccumulation of EE within L. variegatus was observed through sediment testing and an ethinyl estradiol ELISA. The data collected
from this experiment contributes to information available on the effects of low-dosage
endocrine disruptor concentrations on freshwater organisms. The effects of EE and
its bioaccumulation could be extrapolated to include bioaccumulation of EE in organisms
of higher trophic levels, including vertebrates.
Funding: Augusta University Translational Research Program, Department of Biological Sciences
P17 - Profiling G proteins using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer
Presenter: Maheen Farooq
Authors: Maheen Farooq1, Najeah Okashah2, Angela Spencer1, and Nevin Lambert2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Angela Spencer, Dr. Nevin Lambert, Najeah Okashah
Institution/College/Department: 1Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.), 2Pharmacology and Toxicology (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
GPCRs are receptors that act in signal transduction pathways via guanosine nucleotide-binding
proteins (G proteins). Extracellular ligands act on GPCRs resulting in activation
of one or more G protein subtypes (Gs, Gi/o, Gq/11 and G12/13) affecting the concentration of intracellular second messenger molecules ultimately
altering cellular function. Cellular responses to external signals are typically
studied indirectly by measuring concentration changes in second messengers. However,
this approach can be problematic as many GPCRs can activate multiple G protein subtypes,
and many second messenger pathways engage in “crosstalk”. To address this issue,
we used Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) to directly measure coupling
between 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) receptors and different G protein family
subtypes. We co-transfected cells with plasmid DNA encoding the 5-HT2B or 5-HT4 receptors
fused to the bioluminescent protein nanoluciferase (NLuc) as well as plasmid DNA containing
G protein subtypes fused to the fluorescent protein Venus. In BRET assays, we found
that mGsq couples to 5-HT2B and mGs couples with 5-HT4 in response to 5-HT activation. These results are consistent
with the literature. Interestingly, initial studies suggest that activated 5-HT4
shows secondary coupling to mGsi highlighting the potential novel signaling pathways that can be elucidated using
this technique.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
P18 - Is exercise the biggest influencer of happiness? Researching how influential exercise is in comparison to other variables in daily life
Presenter: Megan Collins
Authors: Megan Collins
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Kim Davies
Institution/College/Department: Sociology, Criminal Justice, & Social Work (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
There have been multiple studies that indicate that there is a relationship between
exercise and happiness. In this research, I test whether exercise is the strongest
factor when compared to other common variables in a person’s life for predicting happiness.
Using the 2012 General Social Survey (GSS) data, I test several different variables
in order to determine which of them has the strongest correlation with a person’s
general happiness. The 2012 GSS consisted of 4,820 respondents that ranged in age
from 18 to 89. Using logistic regression, I compare the variables of sex, marriage,
age, frequency of exercise, employment, and income and found that exercise has a positive
relationship with a person’s general happiness and that is the most strongly correlated
variable. Other variables were also found to be significant and will be discussed
in the poster.
P19 - Sequence analysis of ALU repeated elements for primate phylogenetic tree construction
Presenter: Nitish Sood and Mehul Mehra
Authors: Nitish Sood1, Anav Mittal2, Mehul Mehra1, and Christopher Bates1
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Christopher Bates, Anav Mittal
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2University of Californai Berkeley
Abstract:
Phylogenetic tree construction can be a particularly challenging and time-intensive
process. This study employs a novel computational approach to phylogenetic tree construction,
using the Alu repeating element, a SINE. Repetitive elements including Short and Long
Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs/LINEs) have successfully been applied as accurate
tools for phylogenetic analysis, as they are predominately unidirectional and homoplasy-free.
However, previous analysis of phylogenetic relationships using these repeating elements
has been limited to a small number of isolated repeats among relatively few organisms.
As a highly repetitive sequence, the Alu element and its associated subfamilies can
provide detailed analysis on evolutionary divergence among species in the Order Primates.
This study identified shared sequences as Alu repeating elements that were conserved
in both location and base-pair sequence between the primate genomes of interest. These
shared sequences, derived from the Genome Library at the University of California
San Diego, were analyzed to construct individual phylogenetic trees for each of the
49 Alu subfamilies. As this method solely requires the sequence analysis of available
primate genomes, this serves as a cheaper and more time-efficient approach to phylogenetic
tree construction for the Order Primates relative to biochemical and anatomical analysis.
P20 - Piper Nigrum in alzheimer's and cognitive dysfunction: a review of the literature
Presenter: Michael Jones-Asgill
Authors: Michael Jones-Asgill1 and Dawn Langley-Brady2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dawn Langley-Brady (MSN)
Institution/College/Department: 1Kinesiology and Health Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Nursing (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Every 65 seconds, someone in the U.S develops Alzheimer’s dementia. Alzheimer’s is
a chronic brain disorder affecting approximately five million Americans. Alzheimer’s
is an irreversible form of dementia that progressively worsens memory and simple cognitive
abilities. There is no known cure for Alzheimer’s. Current treatment includes pharmacological
and non-pharmacological approaches (e.g. aromatherapy). Aromatherapy is the use of
essential oils from aromatic plants and is being explored in cognition studies. Piper nigrum or black pepper has cognitive-enhancing properties. The purpose of this project was
to review the literature regarding the use of black pepper in Alzheimer’s. PubMed,
CINAHL, Ovid Medicine, and ProQuest databases were searched for peer-reviewed journal
articles written in English and published since 2014 with the following keywords:
Cognitive, essential oil, Piper nigrum, aromatherapy and Alzheimer’s. Nine articles were found that met the literature review
criteria – three animal and six human studies. These studies established the effectiveness
of black pepper essential oil for both improving function and reducing cognitive decline.
These studies may open doors for aromatherapy research in Alzheimer’s. Despite efficacy,
the preferred administration method (inhalation or topical) is unclear. Piper nigrum essential oil can potentially change Alzheimer’s patient’s disease trajectory and
should be further studied.
P21 - Adipose HDAC9 deletion protect against diet induced obesity in mice through regulating energy expenditure
Presenter: Nazeera Hassan
Authors: Nazeera Hassan1, Abdalrahman Zarzour2, Ha Won Kim3, and Neal Weintraub2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Ha Won Kim; Neal Weintraub, MD
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Medicine (Augusta Univ.), 3Allied Health Sciences (Augusta Univ.),
Abstract:
Our group has previously identified histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) as a regulator of
adipocyte differentiation, and its expression levels were elevated in diet induced
obese (DIO) mice. We also reported that global HDAC9 deletion protected mice against
DIO through promoting beige adipogenesis. Here, we hypothesized that adipose HDAC9
correlate with human obesity similar to murine models, and its deletion is sufficient
to protect against DIO. To test this hypothesis we crossed HDAC9 floxed mice with
adiponectin-cre mice to generate adipose-specific HDAC9 knockout mice (AdipCre-HDAC9),
which exhibited 30% less weight gain when fed high fat diet compared to control despite
increased food intake, in association with increased energy combustion & O2 consumption,
improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. However, unlike global HDAC9 deletion,
this was not associated with increased beige adipogenesis nor increase in brown adipose
tissue function. Interestingly, AdipoCre-HDAC9 mice fed normal chow diet didn’t exhibit
altered energy expenditure nor weight differences when compared to littermate controls.
These finding suggest that adipose HDAC9 regulate energy expenditure in response to
high fat diet and can be a promising therapeutic target to combat obesity.
P22 - Vaccine proliferation in the face of public scrutiny
Presenters: Nishita Sripathi
Authors: Nishita Sripathi and Wendy Turner
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Wendy Turner
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2History, Anthropology, & Philosophy (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Each newly conceptualized vaccine has faced the same arguments over the last two centuries.
A detailed examination of these several vaccines and their influences on the public
will hopefully provide a better understanding of why the same arguments against vaccines
continuously come up, even though each vaccine becomes widely used and celebrated.
I supported my analysis by examining modern vaccine case studies and how those results
may or may not skew the public reaction. By focusing on these two areas of research,
I tried to understand the reasons behind persisted vaccine apprehension, even though
there have been multiple and well-supported conclusions that vaccines are essential
to a healthy human population. Perhaps by understanding the public’s fear, I can one
day suggest alternate methods of vaccine “roll out” and introduction to the public.
P23 - Synergistic effects on the combination of ERLOTINIB & EXO2 on head and neck cancer
Presenter: Parth Thakkar
Authors: Parth Thakkar1 and Yong Teng2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Yong Teng
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Oral Biology (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
More than 90% of head and neck cancer is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma1 (HNSCC).
Currently, the treatment involves modern surgery, conventional chemotherapy, and radiation.
However, targeting, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been shown to
prove advantageous for patient survival. EGFR activation leads to cell cycle progression.
Blocking the EGFR by an antibody results in the inhibition of the receptor, therefore
inhibition of cell proliferation. This makes EGFR a prime target for anticancer therapy,
specifically with tyrosine kinase inhibitors being looked at as a possible form of
inhibition. The goal of this project was to hopefully use small molecule inhibitor
EXO2 and an EGFR specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Erlotinib, in a synergistic manner
to fight against HNSCC. This study was done using cell cultures, MTT assay’s and western
blot techniques, with cell cultures being done using the H6 cell line. The results
from this study were found to be a preliminary success and will pave the way for future
experiments in this area.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Summer Scholars Program
P24 - Effect of gabaergic neurons in susceptible versus resilient male rats to PTSD
Presenter: Rachael Dixon and Rohan Mandavilli
Authors: Rachael Dixon1, Rohan Mandavilli2, Kristopher M. Bunting3, Khadijah Alexander3, and Almira Vazdarjanova3
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Kristopher M. Bunting, MD; Dr. Almira Vazdarjanova, Khadijah Alexander
Institution/College/Department: 1Psychological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 3Pharmacology and Toxicology (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological disorder that can occur after
a traumatic event. Individuals with PTSD exhibit extreme anxiety and learning and
memory difficulties. Once exposed, 12-35% develop PTSD with women twice as likely
to be affected than men. Our goal is to discover underlying mechanisms to prevent
PTSD, as we investigate the relevance of glutamic acid decarboxylase positive (GAD+)
neurons on susceptible (SUS) and resilient (RES) male rats. SUS and RES phenotypes
were assessed using the highly advanced RISP protocol to reveal susceptibility to
a PTSD-like phenotype. The increase of GAD+ cells in the medial prefrontal cortex
(mPFC) informs us that more GABAergic neurons are present, which can cause inappropriate
recall. We will be examining if there is a difference in the number of GAD+ cells
in the RES versus SUS male rats. To investigate, we used cryosectioned brains from
SUS or RES rats. The brains were stained using immunohistochemistry to isolate the
GAD+ neurons in the mPFC and were counted. The results of this experiment will be
determined and examined at a later date closer to our presentation. We expect to see
a SUS male rats to have a higher number of GAD+ neurons.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
P25 - Ecotoxicology of yellow-bellied sliders (TRACEMYS SCRIPTA) and musk turtles (STERNOTHERUS ODORATUS) in natural wetlands
Presenter: Rachel Hammesfahr
Authors: Rachel Hammesfahr and Robert Cromer
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Robert Cromer
Institution/College/Department: Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Glyphosate is one of the active ingredients in many different herbicidal products
such as Roundup. Preliminary research has suggested that glyphosate is a possible
endocrine disruptor, can cause developmental defects, and is a potential carcinogen.
Due to its potential harmful effects on different organisms, we seek to monitor the
levels of glyphosate in wetland areas. This will be done by analyzing samples from
two commonly found indicator species, the yellow-bellied slider turtle, Trachemys scripta, and the musk turtle, Sternotherus odoratus. Research will be done on turtles caught at Reed Creek Nature Center and Brick Pond
Park. Physical measurements will be taken, and blood will be drawn from each turtle.
Analysis of the glyphosate levels in the blood samples will be completed using a glyphosate
ELISA kit. While this research will not prove that glyphosate has harmful effects
on the turtles, it will quantify the amount of the chemical present. If there are
high concentrations, this will indicate a need for more research on how glyphosate
affects different organisms so long-term effects on the environment can be estimated.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
P26 - Evaluation of CANIS hair as a potential wild pig repellent on Cowden plantation, Jackson, SC
Presenter: Samantha Rae Hitchens
Authors: Samantha Rae Hitchens1,2 and Bruce Saul1
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Bruce Saul
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Hull College of Business (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) continue to have a destructive impact across the world. The uncontrolled spread
of these intrusive animals has affected many cultures, making it important to develop
management methods across many locales. Wild pigs are often hunted with dogs; however,
this method may not be suitable or legal in all areas impacted by this animal. In
consideration of this fact, along with the knowledge that pigs have a highly developed
sense of smell, led us to the hypothesis: Can a natural scent function as a satisfactory
pig repellant? Based upon our past testing trials of potential scents in the Savannah
River swamp near Jackson, SC, dog hair appeared to have a potential effect. We designed
this experiment to attract wild pigs into an area baited with corn, and subsequently
applied dog hair to the same area. Trail cameras were used at study locations to observe
the normal patterns of wild pigs before and after dog hair applications. We analyzed
our data by noting the presence and absence of pigs throughout our study trials. Image
totals were also examined to determine if the dog hair dissuaded the pigs from entering
the area. Our results supported our hypothesis.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
Department of Biological Sciences
P27 - Effects of vitamin D3 deficiency, vitamin D receptor knockout, and diabetes on corneal epithelial nerve density
Presenter: Sarah Vick
Authors: Sarah Vick1, Xiaowen Lu2, and Mitchell Watsky2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Xiaowen Lu, Dr. Mitchell Watsky
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Cellular Biology and Anatomy (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
It is estimated that 41.6% of the US population suffers from vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D (VD) deficiency can be caused by a variety of sources and it is important to understand what measures this population might take to proactively prevent greater harm, or to reverse harm that might have already occurred. This project tested the general hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency exacerbates preexisting primary corneal pathologies. Previous research has established that corneal epithelium in diabetic mice heals at a faster rate than epithelium in diabetic vitamin D receptor (VDR) knockout (KO) mice. It is known that within diabetic mice, the corneal nerve density is decreased. However, it is unknown how VDR KO mice or vitamin D deficient with diabetes affect corneal nerve density. To identify variabilities within the nerves that indicate slow wound healing, the mouse corneas were collected, stained for confocal microscope observation, and analyzed through image processing to determine nerve density. The corneal nerve density was not affected by VDR KO alone, but significantly decreased when VDR KO and VD deficiency was combined with pre-existing diabetes.
Funding: NIH National Eye Institute Grant
P28 - The mechanism of inverse agonists on histamine receptors, histamine receptor H1, and histamine receptor H2
Presenter: Shrey P. Patel
Authors: Shrey P. Patel1 and Nevin Lambert2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Nevin Lambert
Institution/College/Department: 1Psychological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Pharmacology and Toxicology (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
The experiment discusses the role of inverse agonist binding to receptors and how its effect cell signaling. The specific receptors that was focused on in the project was histamine receptor H1 (HRH1) and histamine receptor H2 (HRH2) which are types of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). The main protein within the signaling pathway is the G-protein which effects the signaling to other molecules. G-proteins are activated through GTP. An inverse agonist works like an agonist but will have an opposite end effect within the cell. It was originally thought that inverse agonist works the same way as an agonist to recruit a GTP and activate a G-protein for signaling. The experiment being tests tries to explain the opposite that the inverse agonist could activate the protein without GTP and continue to have its effect on the cell. Human embryonic cells were transfected with plasmids that contain sequences for the receptors and the G-protein, which were also tagged with a fluorophore to measure any bioluminescence with interaction of G-protein and the receptor when the ligands binds. From collecting data from the bioluminescence effect, it shows that there is an interaction a receptor and G-protein complex when the inverse agonist is bound.
P29 - Small and dangerous: microrna-21 and blindness
Presenter: Shubhra Rajpurohit
Authors: Subhra Rajpurohit, Menaka C. Thounaojam, Ravirajsinh Jadeja, Diana Gutsaeva, and Manuela
Bartoli
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Manuela Bartoli, Menaka C. Thounaojam, Ravirajsinh Jadeja, Diana Gutsaeva
Institution/College/Department: Ophthalmology (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a potentially blinding condition characterized
by the development of small, leaky, abnormal, blood vessels in the retina. This occurs
as a consequence of retinal ischemia, which promotes the release of angiogenic factors
such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding
RNA involved in post-transcriptional regulation of genes resulting in the blockade
of their expression. MiRs are key players in a wide range of biological processes,
more specifically, microRNA-21 (miR-21) is upregulated in many pathological conditions
including cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Previously, we have shown that microRNA-21
(miR-21) is a downstream effector of the transcription factor Signal Transducer and
Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) in retinal endothelial microvascular cells. Here,
we will identify new therapeutic targets as well as diagnostic tools to prevent retinal
neovascularization and, potentially, other ocular diseases. One well-known retinal
angiostatic factor is pigmented epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). Increased miR-21
expression in the ischemic retina affects PEDF “gene” expression. Interestingly, miR-21
is known to inhibit the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
(PPARα). PPARα is a transcription factor for PEDF; therefore, increased miR-21 level
in the ischemic retina could lead to inhibition of PPR alpha expression and consequent
inhibition of PEDF expression.
Funding: National Institutes of Health
P30 - Structural and functional properties of adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1/adenylyl cyclase complexes in pancreatic cancer cells
Presenter: Simran Mehrotra
Authors: Simran Mehrotra and Maria Sabbatini
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Maria Sabbatini
Institution/College/Department: Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Of all the different cancers, pancreatic cancer is one of the major unsolved health
problems. It is important to study the mechanism through which the pancreatic cells
migrate to prolong survival in patients. Concerning the progression of pancreatic
cancer, the adenylyl cyclase (AC)/adenosine 3’,5’ cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP)
pathway has shown to inhibit in the migration of pancreatic cancer cells. Adenylyl
cyclase- associated protein 1 (CAP1) is a protein that is involved in the regulation
of actin microfilament formation, which ultimately leads to cell migration and invasion.
The CAP 1 protein binds to G-actin, inhibiting polymerization which inhibits filopodia
formation, inhibiting cell migration. In a previous research project in the lab it
was found that CAP 1 reacts with different adenylyl cyclase (AC) isoforms: AC1, AC3,
AC4 and AC7. behavior. The objective of this research was, through theoretical and
experimental analyses, to determine to which extent CAP1 interacts with the 4 transmembrane
AC isoforms mentioned above. Through a sequential co-immunoprecipitation approach,
I determined which AC isoform experimentally has a higher affinity for CAP1 using
the HPAC cell line, which is moderately differentiated. Based on the theoretical and
experimental results, AC3 and AC4 have the highest affinity for CAP1.
P31 - The effects of circulating estrogen on SIRT1 levels in premenopausal women
Presenter: Sinead O'Bryant
Authors: Sinead O'Bryant1 and Ryan Harris2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Ryan Harris
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.),
2Georgia Population Institute (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
According to epidemiological data, healthy premenopausal women exhibit greater protection
from cardiovascular disease (CVD) when compared to men of a similar age. It has been
hypothesized that estrogen, one of the primary female sex hormones, is responsible
for this protection. Previous studies have shown that the nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide-(NAD+)-dependent
histone-deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) provides protection from hyperglycemia, metabolic
and endothelial dysfunction, all which contribute to CVD development. The aim of
this analysis was to show the potential relationship between circulating endogenous
estrogen and SIRT1 in premenopausal women and its association with HbA1c, an indicator
of glycemic state. By utilizing the menstrual cycle, when estrogen is at its highest
range during the follicular phase and at its lowest during meneses, the effects based
on circulating estrogen on SIRT1 concentrations were evaluated in women by ELISA of
participant blood plasma. The results show SIRT1 and circulating estrogen have a
significant positive correlation, and SIRT1 and HbA1c have a trending negative correlation.
It was also seen that SIRT1 concentrations were found to be protected against high
HbAlc levels when endogenous estrogen was high, providing evidence that circulating
estrogen may act as a mediator of SIRT1, functioning as a protective mechanism from
CVD in premenopausal women.
P32 - Aporosa octandra: study the protective effects of its bark extract against D-galactose induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in mice and its phytochemical investigation
Presenter: Sonya Schinder
Authors: Sonya Schinder and Siva S. Panda
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Siva S. Panda
Institution/College/Department: Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Aging is a multifarious natural process, linked with several biochemical and morphological
variations in the biological system. Aging not only challenges the increased vulnerability
as well as homeostasis network to the cognition and locomotion but also to physical,
mental or social activities. Medicinal plants have been used since ancient time to
cure and prevent various diseases. Several natural compounds such as isoflavones,
anthocyanins, and catechins isolated from plant sources act as a potent antioxidant
against ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species). Antioxidants, especially natural antioxidants are recommended for the prevention
of aging. In this study, we utilized an unexplored traditional medicinal plant Aporosa octandra (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) that belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae, sub-family Phyllanthaceae that is shrub to tree, up to 15 m high and comprises of
50 species, which are distributed throughout Asian regions. This plant is enlisted
as a medicinal plant and is used for centuries in the Ayurvedic system. We investigated
phytochemical contents of the plant and evaluated the biological activity.
P33 - Surveying mosses for fungicidal activity
Presenter: Stephanie Yan
Authors: Stephanie Yan, Amy Abdulovi-Cui, and Charlotte Christy
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Amy Abdulovi-Cui, Dr. Charlotte Christy
Institution/College/Department: Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
The emergence of resistance to current fungicides is of serious concern because of
the widespread diseases caused by fungi. One approach to this problem is to discover
new compounds that have antifungal properties. Plants are extensively attacked by
fungi and have evolved many defenses. These include fungicides and other defenses,
such as a waxy cuticle, that make attack difficult. The mosses (Bryophyta) lack a
cuticle. This makes them a likely group to survey for fungicidal activity because
they may have additional chemical defenses. In this study, both aqueous and ethanolic
extracts were made from crushed mosses and tested for their effect on growth of the
yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mosses were collected across a broad geographical range (Georgia, Arkansas, and
Alaska) to test the hypothesis that resistance to fungal attack may be higher in mosses
adapted to warm and moist environments. Results include the demonstration of fungicidal
activity in some, but not most, of the mosses. There was no correlation with geographical
origin. Both solvents seem able to extract compounds that will suppress yeast growth.
In addition, we show that fungicidal properties may be lost during drying. Several
mosses showed strong enough antifungal activity that further investigation seems warranted.
Funding: Department of Biological Sciences
P34 - Development of transgenic zebrafish model for investigation of the function of microglia
Presenter: Survasha Sura
Authors: Survasha Sura1 and Surendra K. Rajpurohit2,3
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Surendra K. Rajpurohit
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Augusta Univ.) 3 Georgia Cancer Center (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Zebrafish have emerged as a powerful model organism for elucidating the development
and function of microglia. Generation of new transgenic reporter lines and imaging
tools strengthen the zebrafish model in microglia study in-vivo. The aim is to develop a novel compound transgenic line to study the inflammatory
process mediated by NF-kB in microglia cells. This novel compound transgenic line
will establish a new model for microglia study. To generate the novel compound zebrafish
transgenic model for microglia, we are crossbreeding microglia transgenic line zebrafish
(Tg(mpeg1:mCherry) with the NF-kB Tg(6xNFkB:EGFP) transgenic progeny. We first generate
a heterozygous F1 progeny which will be bred to generate an F2 homozygous progeny.
Once the F1 progeny of the Microglia-NfkB transgenic line is developed, they will
be crossbred to develop the Homozygous compound transgenic line. Fluorescent Microscopy
will be used to screen the larvae generated from the breeding events. By developing
the compound transgenic line, we are optimizing microglia isolation and sorting methodology
by using the related antibodies as the marker. The NF-kB microglia transgenic line
will provide a unique platform for drug screening to address microglial based ailments,
thus furthering the understanding and treatment of human disease.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
P35 - An examination of moral panics: how the fear of satanism affected tabletop role playing
Presenter: Travis Williams
Authors: Travis Williams1, Edgar Johnson2, and Ruth McClelland-Nugent3
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Edgar Johnson, Dr. Ruth McClelland-Nugent
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Communications (Augusta Univ.) 3History, Anthropology, & Philosophy (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Moral panics around youth entertainment have been an occurrence as long as culture
has been established. As long as youth entertainment has values that can be seen as
going against the established values of the preceding generation, a moral panic could
take place. The purpose of this research was to analyze how moral panics centered
on youth entertainment begin and gain traction. To do this, the research was focused
on the 1980s moral panic around tabletop roleplaying games, specifically Dungeons & Dragons. By tracing the origin of the moral panic to the fear of cults and occult from the
1970s, we can find more context as to why some individuals believed that role playing
games could cause adolescents to use the games as a style of dangerous escapism or
as a gateway to the occult. To further understand this moral panic, an analysis of
some of the major detractors of role playing games was done, as well as researching
the role the media played in cultivating the moral panic. With a greater understanding
on how moral panics begin and gain traction, this research can be used to compare
and contrast other moral panics around youth entertainment.
P36 - Design and synthesis of hybrid conjugates as potential anti-infective agents
Presenter: William F. Littlefield, Margaret Wade, and Tina Makkanal
Authors: William F. Littlefield1, Margaret Wade1, and Tina Makkanal1, and Siva S. Panda2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Siva S. Panda
Institution/College/Department: 1Science and Mathematics (Augusta Univ.), 2Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Abstract:
Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms are major challenges despite
all the steps taken to control or cure. New drug development with high efficacy/selectivity
for infectious diseases is a point of interest for many researchers. It has reported
that tuberculosis is one of the ten major causes of death in the world. Multi-drug
resistance (MDR) is another major concern in bacterial and fungal infections. The
present study deals with the development of new conjugates of pyrazinoic acid and
isoniazid linked via an amino acid. The synthesized conjugates show promising and
interesting results against a variety of microbial strains, tuberculous and non-tuberculous
mycobacteria. Molecular modeling studies were used for understanding and validation
of the experimental data.
Funding: Augusta University Scholarly Activity Award
Abstract TBA
Scott Thorp [bio]
Select the Presentation for additional information.
Concentrations of Iron, Copper, Nickel, and Zinc in Rae's Creek
Presenter: Aerial Bridgers
Authors: Aerial Bridgers and Christopher Klug
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Christopher Klug
Institution/College/Department: Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:15 PM
Location: JSAC Hardy Room
Abstract:
Heavy metals can enter water systems through a variety of methods, such as through
soil run-off, rain, or industrial activity near the system. Many of these heavy metals
are toxic to both the wildlife and people around the system if present in high enough
concentrations. The aim of this research was to create a model for a local water system,
Rae’s Creek, outlining the concentrations of iron, copper, nickel, and zinc present
throughout a seven-month period. Additionally, this research sought to pinpoint any
correlation between increases in metal concentrations and outside events, such as
rain or the Master’s Tournament held yearly in Augusta. Results indicated that copper
and zinc concentrations were well above guidelines set for recreational water quality
by the Environmental Protection Agency, while iron and nickel concentrations were
generally below the limitations set for their concentrations. While rain had no observed
effect on the heavy metal concentrations, there are two specific dates where all four
metals had a marked increase in concentration. However, it is inconclusive as to what
caused this increase.
Transport Properties in Bilayer Graphene
Presenter: Alonte Trowel
Authors: Alonte Trowel and Trinanjan Datta
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Trinanjan Datta
Institution/College/Department: Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:30 PM
Location: JSAC Hardy Room
Abstract:
Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal pattern. It has
many potential technological applications and provides a testbed to verify fundamental
concepts in physics. Using quantum mechanical transmission and reflection amplitudes
we study the transport properties of bilayer graphene. For the parameter range that
We explored we find that the transmission probability is controlled by the applied
bias. We also outline how this approach can be utilized to study oligomers and oligoacenes.
Design and Manufacture of Low-Cost Real-Time Feedback CPR Manikin
Presenter: Anish Sangari and Nitish Sood
Authors: Anish Sangari, Nitish Sood, and Andy Hauger
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Andy Hauger
Institution/College/Department: Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:45 PM
Location: JSAC Hardy Room
Abstract:
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving technique used when a person
stops breathing or a heart stops beating. Immediate CPR can double or triple survival
rates after cardiac arrest. While many CPR training courses use non-electronic CPR
manikins, recent literature has shown that training on a real-time feedback CPR manikin
improves functional outcomes such as chest compression rate and mean tidal volume.
However, current commercially available real-time feedback manikins either only measure
metrics on chest compressions or are available at very high prices, making training
a class on such manikins infeasible. Accordingly, we have designed, constructed, and
tested a low-cost Arduino microcontroller-based CPR manikin that provides real-time
feedback to trainees on critical metrics including force of compressions, rate of
compressions, hands-off time, percentage of full chest recoils, angle of neck tilt,
and other steps in ventilations. Visual and auditory feedback on these metrics is
delivered to trainees, allowing them to adjust their performance in real time. Additionally,
data from each training session is saved and assigned to a user profile, so that multiple
trainees can review their progress throughout their training. Future research will
be conducted on the efficacy of training on this manikin compared to commercially
available manikins.
Funding: Department of Chemistry and Physics
Exploring the minimum flow rate in electro co-flow
Presenter: Benjamin Overlie
Authors: Benjamin Overlie and Josefa Guerrero-Millan
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Josefa Guerrero-Millan
Institution/College/Department: Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 4:00 PM
Location: JSAC Hardy Room
Abstract:
Controlled generation of micron and sub-micron sized drops continues to be of strong
interest for the scientific community due to the variety of applications in fields
like cosmetics, food industry, and drug delivery among others. By flowing two immiscible
liquids into a glass-based microfluidic device, we can make emulsion drops with a
minimum size of the order of the tip size. Adding an external electric field, similarly
to what it is done in the classical electrospray, allows the generation of droplets
with sizes below the smallest geometrical characteristic of the device. In this work,
we are focused on the region of small flow rates. There is a minimum flow rate below
which a cone-jet cannot be formed regardless of the applied voltage. This limit marks
the minimum drop size that could be generated. We study pairs of liquids with different
viscosities and conductivities using high speed microscopy and current measurements.
With these data we will try to understand this limit and the characteristics of the
modes observed in this region.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
Exact diagonalization RIXS studies of the doped 1d t1-t2-J model at the O K -edge
Presenter: Gregory Price
Authors: Gregory Price1, Umesh Kumar2, Kenneth Stiwinter3, Steven Johnston2, and Trinanjan Datta3
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Umesh Kumar, Dr. Steven Johnston, and Dr. Trinanjan Datta
Institution/College/Department: 1Mathematics (Augusta Univ.), 2Physics and Astronomy (Univ. of Tennessee), 3Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 4:15 PM
Location: JSAC Hardy
Abstract:
Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) is a novel spectroscopic method for probing
charge and spin excitations in quantum magnets. In one dimension, where quantum fluctuations
are most prominent, a system of interacting electrons can support fractionalized spinless
charge excitations (holons) and chargeless spin excitation (spinons). Currently, X-ray
spectroscopic techniques such as RIXS can excite the O K-edge core electrons of correlated
quantum magnets to probe the physical nature of the above mentioned spin-charge separated
state. Using exact diagonalization we investigate the O K-edge RIXS response of the
one dimensional antiferromagnetic spin chain compound with nearest and next-nearest
neighbor hoppings. We also study the spin-anisotropic version of the same model. Interaction
of the core electrons with the X-rays generate multi-spinon excitations in the RIXS
spectrum, for example in strontium copper oxide. We find that the RIXS spectrum of
the t1-t2-J model with spin anisotropy presents a rich source of physical information, including
allowing us to identify microscopic pathways for how the quantum spin fluctuations
control the appearance of the four spinon excitations observed in the isotropic O
K-edge spectrum.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Summer Scholars Program
Select the Presentation for additional information.
Coffee in Augusta
Presenter: Aleighna Guajardo
Authors: Aleighna Guajardo1, Angela Bratton2, and Will Bryant1
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Angela Bratton, Dr. Will Bryant
Institution/College/Department: 1Communication (Augusta Univ.), 2History, Anthropology, & Philosophy (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:15 PM
Location: JSAC Butler room
Abstract:
For my Honors thesis, I produced a short documentary on local coffee shops in Augusta,
focusing on local coffee shops that offer unique environments for their customers.
After viewing several documentaries on coffee for reference, I filmed and edited my
finished product to demonstrate the importance of supporting local coffee shops, the
hard work that goes into opening up a shop in the coffee business, and bring awareness
to a few of the different shops currently operating in Augusta. The documentary briefly
covers the history of each café and incorporates footage of normal business taken
from within the coffee shops; such as, cashiers taking orders and baristas making
a variety of coffee drinks. The film communicates through interviews, b roll, and
music the true ambience of the coffee shops and what qualities these cafés offer to
customers that is distinct from larger franchises. Each coffee shop included in the
documentary offers a unique environment that is key to what is referred to as the
third space of society, a mainly social location that is neither home nor work. This
concept of third space from anthropology is defined and explored throughout the film
to show the importance of small local coffee shops.
You Should Know: Writing about Sexuality as a Woman
Presenter: Kirsten McCarty
Authors: Kirsten McCarty, Jim Minick, and Lee Anna Maynard
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Jim Minink, MFA; Dr. Lee Anna Maynard
Institution/College/Department: English and Foreign Languages (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:30 PM
Location: JSAC Butler room
Abstract:
This thesis is a culmination of both my research on the topic of female sexuality
in writing and a sampling of my own creative work based on this research. I begin
with an exploration of how the past has influenced the current landscape for women’s
writing, especially related to female sexuality. While women today are afforded many
opportunities in the field of writing, certain topics still remain taboo for these
writers. Sexuality as a whole is one such topic – from a woman’s relationship with
her body to her sexual desire to her experience with sexual abuse. While many modern
movements are encouraging women to discuss their experiences with sexual abuse, many
other aspects of female sexuality remain hidden behind shame. Realizing this has inspired
me to write a series of letters to my younger sister on several aspects of femininity.
My creative work consists of personal experiences with abuse, desire, and the female
body. By writing about these experiences openly, without denying the details that
make them distinctly feminine, I hope to further the discussion of female sexuality
in more serious literature.
A comparative study of epilepsy in galenic, medieval persionan and modern medicine
Presenter: Vinaya Ann Alapatt
Authors: Vinaya Ann Alapatt1 and Wendy Turner2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Wendy Turner
Institution/College/Department: 1Pyschological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2History, Anthropology, & Philosophy (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:45 PM
Location: JSAC Butler room
Abstract:
Epilepsy is an interesting neurological disorder that exists at the crossroads of
biology and spirituality. This research examined the transmission of Greek theories
of epilepsy from the ninth to the thirteenth century Persian medicine and compared
it to the understanding of epilepsy in modern medicine. The influence of Galenic medicine
on the clinical understanding of epilepsy in medieval Persian medicine (800-1400)
is evident in Ibn Sina’s (aka Avicenna) medical manuscripts. Given the complex technological
advancements from 13th century to 21st century, substantial progression in the understanding of epilepsy from Avicennian
period to modern era was expected to find. However, modern medicine is yet to crack
the full codes of this sacred disease. Tracing the scientific history of epilepsy reveals that today’s identified
etiology, symptomatology, and treatments for epilepsy, which hugely benefited from
the technological advancements in diagnostic means, are extensions to the medieval
understanding of epilepsy. This paper is a comparative study of epilepsy in Galenic,
medieval Persian and modern medicine. On a broad scale, this research serves as an
example on how ideas connect people through time.
Early extubation in infancy and early childhood following heart surgery: outcome analysis and predictors of failure
Presenter: Emma Geister and Raquel Esquivel
Authors: Emma Geister1, Raquel Esquivel1, Danielle Crethers2, Danalynn Weatherholt2, and Anastasios C. Polimenakos2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Anastasios C. Polimenakos, MD; Danielle Crethers, Danalynn Weatherholt
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Surgery (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 4:00 PM
Location: JSAC Butler room
Abstract:
Early extubation (EE) has become a critical quality determinant in perioperative management
for children undergoing congenital heart surgery (CHS) during early childhood. We
sought to determine the benefits of EE, total hospital costs, and identify predictors
of failure following EE. A retrospective chart review of children ≤6 years old who
underwent CHS at the Children’s Hospital of Georgia between January-December 2017
was performed. EE was defined as successful removal of the endotracheal tube in the
operating room or upon arrival in intensive care unit (ICU). Patients were categorized
based on single-ventricle (Group A) and biventricular (Group-B) anatomy. Perioperative
data points were compared and multivariate analysis was used to identify the predictors
of EE failure and total hospital cost. We found that children who were EE spend significantly
less overall time in both the ICU and hospital. Furthermore, we found that children
who were EE had a significant reduction in total hospital cost than patients who were
not EE. Based on our analysis, we concluded that EE is safe and feasible in reducing
hospital costs for children undergoing congenital heart surgery.
Funding: Dept. of Surgery
Select the Presentation for additional information.
The study of 5HT-1D and 5HT-1F receptor interactions with mini G proteins via BRET analysis
Presenter: Amy Trang
Authors: Amy Trang1, Najeah Okashah1, Angela Spencer1, and Nevin Lambert2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Angela Spencer, Dr. Nevin Lambert
Institution/College/Department: 1Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.), 2Pharmacology and Toxicology (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:15 PM
Location: JSAC Coffeehouse
Abstract:
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are receptors involved in signal transduction,
a process for converting extracellular signals into internal messages to elicit a
cellular response. Signal transduction pathways involve activating various G protein
subtypes (Gs, Gi/o, Gq/11 and G12/13) which typically lead to second messenger production. Traditionally, second messenger
concentration assays are used to identify GPCR coupling with G protein(s), but they
are not efficient in profiling GPCRs since they compare the concentrations from different
downstream signals. Instead, novel tools, such as Bioluminescence Resonance Energy
Transfer (BRET) and mini G (mG) proteins, can be used to profile GPCRs. BRET is a
technique that provides quantitative data when protein-protein interaction occurs
and requires the proteins of interest to be fused with either a bioluminescent protein
or fluorescent protein. In this study, we used mG proteins representing each G protein
subtype to identify 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) receptor coupling upon serotonin
stimulation. Through BRET assays, we determined that both the 5-HT1D and 5-HT1F receptors couple primarily with the mGsi and mGo classes of mG proteins. This supports previous studies that these receptors couple
to Gi/o proteins and suggests that the use of mG proteins in BRET assays is an effective
tool for GPCR profiling.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
NOX 1-Evoked ROS causes fibrosis in caerulein-induced chronic pancreatitis through the AKT pathway
Presenter: Ananya Chakraborty
Authors: Ananya Chakraborty1, Gabor Csanyi2, and Maria Sabbatini1
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Gabor Csanyi, Dr. Maria Sabbatini
Institution/College/Department: 1Biological Sciences (Augusta Univ.), 2Pharmacology and Toxicology (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:30 PM
Location: JSAC Coffeehouse
Abstract:
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) manifests from a long-term inflammation, resulting in significant
fibrosis of the pancreatic tissue and permanent organ damage. This occurs due to pro-inflammatory
mediators, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). One of the sources of ROS is NADPH
oxidase (Nox) enzymes, which transfer electrons across biological membranes to reduce
oxygen to superoxide. The rodent genome encodes four Nox enzymes: Nox 1-4. We found
that Nox 1 is implicated in pancreatic fibrogenesis in a mouse model of CP. Our next goal was to determine which intracellular pathway mediates the effect of Nox1-derived ROS.
Several intracellular pathways are activated following Nox1-derived ROS, including
JNK, AKT, and ERK1/2. Each pathway is also activated following caerulein, a cholecystokinin
analogue. Our hypothesis was that repetitive administration of caerulein stimulates Nox1-derived ROS, which causes
increased oxidative stress, leading to fibrogenesis through phosphorylation of ERK,
AKT and JNK. We found the lack of Nox1 impaired the phosphorylation of AKT in a mouse
model of CP. In conclusion, Nox1 mediates fibrogenesis through the AKT pathway in
mice with CP.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Summer Scholars Program, Student Research Program Voucher
Unconventional coupling of 5HT7 receptors to Gs Heterotrimers
Presenter: Elizabeth Adams
Authors: Elizabeth Adams1, Angie Spencer1, and Nevin Lambert2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Angela Spencer, Dr. Nevin Lambert
Institution/College/Department: 1Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.), 2Pharmacology and Toxicology (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:45 PM
Location: JSAC Coffeehouse
Abstract:
GPCRs play a major role in cell signaling through their interactions with heterotrimeric
G proteins. In conventional models of GPCR-G protein coupling, agonist binding promotes
a conformational change within the receptor, which then associates with G proteins,
facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP. GTP-bound G proteins dissociate from the
receptor and exert their effects on downstream signaling molecules. Previous studies
suggest that serotonin 5HT7 receptors associate with Gs heterotrimers prior to agonist binding, and that 5HT7-Gs complexes dissociate after the G protein is activated. Here we study this unconventional
mode of coupling using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) between luciferase-tagged
5HT7 receptors and Gs heterotrimers labeled with Venus. Our results confirm that 5HT7 receptors interact
with inactive (GDP-bound) Gs heterotrimers in the absence of an agonist, and that this interaction is stabilized
by the inverse agonist methiothepin. Stimulation with the endogenous agonist serotonin
(5HT) decreased BRET between 5HT7 receptors and Gs, indicating that the activation of the receptor leads to 5HT7-Gs complex dissociation. Interestingly, Gs activation was not required for complex dissociation. These results are consistent
with the hypothesis that 5HT7 receptors couple to Gs heterotrimers via an unconventional mechanism involving ligand-sensitive complexes
of receptors and inactive Gs.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
The identification of novel genes in normosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (NHH)
Presenter: Hannah N. Smith
Authors: Hannah N. Smith1, Layman C. Lawrence2, and Lynn P. Chorich2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Layman C. Lawrence, MD; Lynn P. Chorich
Institution/College/Department: 1College of Education (Augusta Univ.), 2Obstetrics & Gynecology (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 4:00 PM
Location: JSAC Coffeehouse
Abstract:
Characterized by delayed or absent sexual development, idiopathic hypogonadotropic
hypogonadism (IHH) is a disorder that includes the deficient production, secretion,
or action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Producing neurons in the brain,
GnRH directly controls sexual development during puberty. Misplacement of the GnRH
producing neurons leads to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which is divided into two
categories: Kallmann syndrome (KS) and normosmic IHH (nHH). While both KS and nIHH,
defined as the absence or delay of puberty, low gonadotropins and sex steroids, are
similar, KS also includes the absence or impairment of smell. Whole exome sequencing
(WES) is used to examine protein-coding regions of the human genome in order to detect
genetic variants that could be causative. Sanger sequencing is used to confirm variants
identified by WES. Using WES and Sanger sequencing, we were able to identify new genetic
variants within the nHH and KS patient populations. In this study, our goal was to
identify pathogenic variants in known and novel nHH/KS genes, focusing efforts on
rare, loss-of-function variants in: WDR11, GLI2, CTNNA1, ANKHD1, SEMA6A, PRRC2C, EHBP1,
and RIF1 genes. This study broadens our understanding of pathogenic variants in known
and novel IHH genes that may contribute to the disease phenotype.
Funding: MCG Foundation
Design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory studies of NSAID hybrid conjugate
Presenter: Hitesh Honkanadavar
Authors: Hitesh Honkanadavar and Siva Panda
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Siva Panda
Institution/College/Department: Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 4:15 PM
Location: JSAC Coffeehouse
Abstract:
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the most common drugs administered
worldwide as highly effective analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agents.
The drugs function by inhibiting the COX-2 enzyme system which leads to a decrease
in inflammation; however, the drugs also inhibit the COX-1 enzyme system which is
critical to normal renal function, gastric mucosal integrity, vascular homeostasis,
and the autocrine response to circulating hormones which can lead to gastric ulcers
and renal dysfunction. Hybrid conjugates of existing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs) have already been synthesized with Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen, and amino
acids to increase potency and decrease toxicity. Computational chemistry studies of
these compounds show that the free phenol moiety in acetaminophen plays a greater
role in the inhibition of the COX 2 enzyme system than the amine moiety. The previous
compounds utilized the phenol moiety to form the product. New hybrid conjugates of
Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen via amino acid linkers have been synthesized, leaving
the phenol moiety free. The compounds have been characterized by NMR and IR. Biological
studies indicate that some of the synthesized compounds are showing improved potency
when compared to Ibuprofen alone. Computational chemistry studies and molecular modeling
will be used to support the in-vivo biological activity.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant, Augusta University CURS Summer Scholars
Program, Cancer Center Collaboration Grant
Investigating the interaction between G proteins and the 5-HT1E and 5-HT2C serotonin receptors using BRET
Presenter: Lauren Little
Authors: Lauren Little1, Angie Spencer1, and Nevin Lambert2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Angela Spencer, Dr. Nevin Lambert
Institution/College/Department: 1Chemistry and Physics (Augusta Univ.), 2Pharmacology and Toxicology (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 4:30 PM
Location: JSAC Coffeehouse
Abstract:
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important mediators in cellular signaling
and are common targets of drug action. GPCRs are responsible for the transduction
of extracellular signals into intracellular signals, mediated by G proteins of four
types: Gs, Gi, Gq, and G12/13. A thorough understanding of a signaling pathway involves
determining which G protein is coupled to a signal-activated GPCR. In this project,
a technique called Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) was used to measure
the interaction between an activated GPCR from the serotonin (or hydroxytryptamine,
5-HT) receptor family, and G proteins from each subtype. The cDNA for serotonin receptors
5-HT1E and 5-HT2C was fused with the gene for a luminescent protein called Nanoluciferase (Nluc). Then,
the receptor-Nluc DNA along with DNA containing a G protein tagged with a fluorescent
protein (Venus) was transfected into mammalian cells for expression. Data from BRET
assays suggest that the 5-HT1E receptor couples to the Go and Gi subclasses of G proteins upon serotonin activation
while the 5-HT2C receptor couples to the Gq class of G proteins. Profiling serotonin receptors will
deepen our understanding of serotonin receptors, associated diseases, and the drugs
that target them.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
Select the Presentation for additional information.
Racial dissimilarities as a social determinant of health outcomes: evidence from counties in the state of Georgia
Presenter: Divesia Lee
Authors: Divesia Lee1,Simon Medcalfe1, Catherine Slade1, and Todd Hoffman2
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Simon Medcalfe, Dr. Catherine Slade, and Dr. Todd Hoffman
Institution/College/Department: 1Hull College of Business,2English and Foreign Languages (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:15 PM
Location: Reese 141 - JSAC
Abstract:
Social determinants of health account for about 50 percent of health outcomes— more
than any other category, yet is the most understudied, therefore warranting further
investigation. We contend that within social determinants of health, analysis of racial
segregation is of importance. Racial segregation is a structural form of racism, where
people of similar race live in communities apart from people of other races. Prior
studies have used a dissimilarity index to measure racial segregation and its impact
on health outcomes, and has suggested that racial residential segregation has a negative
impact on health outcomes, but none of these studies have focused on county level
data or the State of Georgia in particular. Using a dataset from the Robert Wood Johnson
Foundation, supplemented by other public health and demographic data for all counties
in Georgia, we use regression analysis to model the relationship between segregation
and various health outcomes. A variety of social determinants of health were analyzed
ranging from factors of economic stability, neighborhood and physical environment,
and education, to aspects of the healthcare system. Initial results suggest that racial
segregation relates to health outcomes, but it depends on the health outcomes being
measured. Conclusions are pending further quantitative analysis.
Effects of withholding cell phones on students' autonomic arousal, state anxiety, and test scores
Presenter: Manderley Recinos and Hannah Streets
Authors: Manderley Recinos, Hannah Streets, Jasmine Gaffney, and Michelle Johnson
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Michelle Johnson
Institution/College/Department: Psychological Sciences (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:30 PM
Location: Reese 141 - JSAC
Abstract:
Approximately 85% of Americans aged 18-29 have smartphones.1 Many people report that they get agitated when their phones are not immediately accessible.1,2 Researchers studying the links between phone use and academic performance have focused
on their disruptive nature (e.g., texting). No research has examined the effects
of withholding phones during testing on test performance. The objective of this study
was to assess whether withholding phones during testing affected students’ state anxiety,
skin conductance (SC), and test scores. State anxiety is situationally determined,
transitory, and associated with autonomic nervous system activation.3 SC (sweat gland secretions) is an index of sympathetic nervous system activation.
We expected higher levels of self-reported state anxiety, higher levels of SC, and
lower test performance among students who had their phones withheld compared with
students who kept their phones. Eighty-six students participated. There were three
conditions: phones withheld but kept in the same room as testing condition (n = 31), phones withheld but sequestered in a different room (n = 28), and control where students were not separated from their phones (n = 27). One-way MANOVA revealed no differences between the groups in state anxiety,
SC or test scores. Data did reveal interesting trends we would like to discuss.
Funding: Augusta University CURS Student Research Grant
The proficiency-based classroom: building the standards
Presenter: Tara Watts
Authors: Tara Watts and Jana Sandarg
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Jana Sandarg
Institution/College/Department: English and Foreign Languages (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:45 PM
Location: Reese 141 - JSAC
Abstract:
Proper communication is the most important element in any classroom, in particular,
a foreign language classroom. Foreign language acquisition is essential, with many
secondary schools and higher education institutions worldwide requiring foreign language
studies in order to receive a degree. Students can learn foreign languages in many
ways based on the ACTFL Standards: Communication, Cultures, Connections, Comparisons,
and Communities. These standards expand the expectations of teaching methods as the
guidelines in which a student is able to use the language outside of the classroom.
The most important of these standards is Communication, which is the sending of a
message from one individual to another. In this study, I will focus on the Communication
standard, in particular, verbal communication in the classroom. Many students in the
foreign language classroom struggle with the conversational aspect; therefore, teachers
are focusing more on how to aid students in conversational learning. Furthermore,
teachers incorporate cultural knowledge as a means to expand language acquisition
in the classroom, giving language a context. In this presentation, I will study research
on language acquisition and the ACTFL Standards; I will discuss proficiency-based
projects I have done in addition to projects I plan on using in the classroom after
graduation.
Blurred lines within the music industry: a different perspective of copyright law and sampling in the digital age
Presenter: Montrel Wingate
Authors: Montrel Wingate1, Wendy Turner1, Debra VanTuyll2, and Hubert VanTuyll1
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Wendy Turner, Dr. Debra VanTuyll, Dr. Hubert VanTuyll
Institution/College/Department: 1History, Anthropology, & Philosophy (Augusta Univ.), 2Communication (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 4:00 PM
Location: Reese 141 - JSAC
Abstract:
This thesis focuses on the relationship of music and law. Throughout, the debated
question is: should the laws of copyright be redefined? The case Williams v. Bridgeport
Music, Inc., which focuses on the songs “Blurred Lines” by Robin Thicke and “Got to
Give It Up” by Marvin Gaye is the trial central to this thesis. Following a brief
history of sampling, Williams v. Bridgeport Music, Inc. is reexamined, challenging
the substantiality of the evidence presented. The court proved that the songs have
similarities on the surface, yet there is a notable structural difference among the
songs. A proposed solution is given, advocating a revision of copyright laws and a
substantive similarity test with emphasis on the expert listener rather than the lay
listener.
Funding: Augusta University Honors Program
Select the Presentation for additional information.
Equilibrium
Presenter: Destin A. Hudson
Authors: Destin A. Hudson and Martin Jones
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Martin Jones, DMA
Institution/College/Department: Music (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:15 PM
Location: JSAC Ballroom
Abstract:
Equilibrium is a song written and produced by myself under the moniker Arman Hudson.
It’s about how quick we are quick to judge people and their actions when we don't
even have balance in ourselves yet. It was made with the use of digital technology
that I have been teaching myself to use and techniques I've learned while in my concentration
of piano.
That's on you, not me
Presenter: Edgar F. Miles
Authors: Edgar F. Miles and Melanie O'Meara
Faculty Sponsor(s)/Collaborator(s): Dr. Melanie O'Meara
Institution/College/Department: Communication (Augusta Univ.)
Time: 3:30 PM
Location: JSAC Ballroom
Abstract:
“That’s On You, Not Me” is a performance piece that was created in response to an
assignment prompt for Dr. Melanie O’Meara’s Voice and Movement class in Spring 2018.
The assignment was to write a haiku and perform that haiku using at least 12 individual
vocal variations. Gender expression and the ways alternative expressions are received
in various social contexts are existing themes in my visual art practice, so I decided
to continue that exploration in my performance work for Dr. O’Meara’s class. In doing
so, my performance addresses the discomfort that people experience when faced with
expression that violates their expectations and whose responsibility it is to mitigate
that discomfort. I present to the audience twelve individual characters created through
vocal and movement variation. My intention is to open conversations about gender norms,
societal expectations, the experience of “othering,” and respect for individual expression.
The performance itself lasts only about three minutes, but can be followed by a brief
talk about the work and a question-and-answer session.
The Conference Reception will take place at 5:00 P.M. in the JSAC Ballroom.
Closing Remarks by Dr. Julia Q. Davis,
Director, Center for Undergraduate Research and Scholarship, Augusta University
Augusta University Phi Kappa Phi Chapter 324
Awards Ceremony
